• François Mauriac - Le sagouin*

     

     

    Guillaume de Cernès, dit "Guillou", est un enfant attardé. Physiquement, il ressemble à son père, le baron Galéas de Cernès, un faible auquel incombe la tâche ingrate d'entretenir le cimetière, ce qu'il fait avec zèle. Paule a épousé le baron pour son titre et maintenant hait avec force son époux et son fils. Nous suivons le calvaire de cet enfant si disgracié physiquement, si sale, si arriéré que sa mère ne l'appelle que "le sagouin"

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    Mauriac aborde de nouveau le thème de l'enfance et de la mère en 1951 avec ce court roman qui connut immédiatement un grand succès. Il y met en scène une femme meurtrie par la vie, et aigrie, une marâtre qui refuse toute démonstration de tendresse et un petit garçon très sensible, mais à la limite de l'anormalité.

    Comme beaucoup de héros de François Mauriac, Guillaume et son père son des êtres mal aimés. En marge d'une société cruelle, face à une aristocratie décadente, ils subissent avec résignation leur non-accès à l'humanité. C'est le poids de la société qui accentue leur sentiment de solitude et d'incompréhension collective.

    Dieu ne se manifeste pas dans "Le Sagouin". A sa place règne une mère terrifiante et un père dégradé. Le fantasme familier de la mère cruelle s'incarne dans Paule de Cernès. Dans l'oeuvre tout entière de Mauriac, la mère est un personnage ambivalent : génétrix étouffante, elle est aussi une source de tendresse, un abri sûr devant les affres de la vie. Mais le personnage de Paule ne conserve que les traits négatifs. 

    Le génie littéraire de Mauriac, une fois de plus, réside en une extrême concision, une grande maîtrise dans le narration des passions qui l'empêche de tomber dans le pur naturalisme    

     

     


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